Employment conditions for foreign citizens in Poland vary depending on their country of origin. The differences in procedures and employment conditions are shaped by both Polish national laws and international agreements. The rules of the European Union (EU), of which Poland is a member, and bilateral agreements with third countries also play an important role.

Employment for Citizens of European Union (EU) Countries

For citizens of EU countries, as well as countries of the European Economic Area (EEA) and Switzerland, the conditions of employment in Poland are significantly simpler compared to workers from third countries. Key features include:

1. No Work Permit Required
   EU citizens can work in Poland without the need for a work permit or special visa. This simplifies the employment process and makes it as easy as for Polish citizens.
2. Freedom of Movement
   EU citizens can freely move between EU countries, including Poland, and seek employment without time restrictions.
3. Access to Social Benefits
   Workers from EU countries automatically gain access to Poland’s social security system, which includes health insurance, pension contributions, and other social benefits, on an equal footing with local residents.

Employment for Citizens of Non-EU Countries

For citizens of third countries (outside the EU and EEA), the employment process in Poland requires compliance with more stringent rules and procedures. The key steps include:

1. Obtaining a Work Permit
   Most citizens from non-EU countries require a work permit to be employed in Poland. This permit is issued based on a job offer from a Polish employer, who must prove that no local candidate is available for the position. There are several types of work permits depending on the job’s specifics and the contract’s duration.
2. Need for a Visa
   Foreign workers from third countries must obtain a work visa or residence permit. A work visa is issued for the duration of the employment contract, and it can be extended if the contract is prolonged.
3. Quotas and Restrictions
   In some industries, quotas may be imposed on the number of foreign workers, particularly for non-EU citizens. These quotas can limit employment opportunities in certain sectors.

Simplified Rules for Citizens of Eastern European Countries

For citizens of some Eastern European countries, such as Ukraine, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, and Armenia, there are simplified employment procedures in Poland. Key features include:

1. Filing a Declaration of Employment Intent
   For short-term work (up to 6 months per year), citizens of these countries can work under a simplified procedure without the need for a work permit. The employer submits a declaration of intent to hire a foreigner to the relevant authorities.
2. Preferential Visa Conditions
   Citizens of these countries can obtain long-term work visas through a simplified process, making the application process faster and more accessible.
3. High Demand for Workers
   Citizens of Ukraine and other neighboring countries are in high demand in Poland, especially in industries such as construction, agriculture, logistics, and manufacturing.